By John J. Metzler
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In his New Year's clarion call for peaceful reunification, commemorating the 40th anniversary of the 1979 "message to compatriots in Taiwan," the general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) stressed that "achieving the country's greatness, national rejuvenation and Cross-Strait reunification is a trend of history."
Having lost the civil war to the communists in 1949, China's Nationalists retreated to the offshore island of Taiwan, where they subsequently established a separate government that exists to this day as a democratic counterbalance to authoritarian China.
Nonetheless, Beijing is offering Taiwan a sugar-coated poison pill to annex the island state.
Significantly, the Beijing communists have never renounced the use of military force to bring Taiwan back to the motherland; Xi reiterated that threat yet again.
As the state-run China Daily editorialized, "Xi offers practical means to inevitable reunification."
The Chinese love numerology. Indeed, 2019 holds a slew of anniversaries, both proud and ominous, that could possibly presage actions toward what the Chinese communists view as the unresolved case of Taiwan.
It is the 40th anniversary of Washington opening diplomatic relations with Beijing in January 1979. President Jimmy Carter's surprise actions, which not only switched political ties from the Republic of China on Taiwan to the People's Republic, also crucially severed the U.S./ROC Military Treaty.
Also in 1979, Deng Xiaoping's China called for wayward Taiwan to accept a "one country, two systems" plan, by which the island would join mainland China in a presumably coercion-free arrangement. This system was applied to British Hong Kong when it reverted to China's control in 1997.
Precisely in reaction to the swirl of events, U.S. Congress overwhelmingly passed the Taiwan Relations Act (TRA) in April 1979, legislating a formula to facilitate future political and economic ties with Taiwan. The TRA is not a formal military treaty but establishes mechanisms that could allow for the defense of the island state.
Taiwan's security has recently been enhanced through the Asia Reassurance Initiative Act (ARIA) of 2018 that recommits Washington to promote key geopolitical interests in East Asia. The Trump administration has firmly backed this legislation.
While we are reviewing notable dates, 1919 recalls a significant if humiliating year for the newly independent Republic of China, which suffered from an overlooked slight of the Versailles peace treaty ending the First World War. Some small German enclaves on the China coast were awarded to Japan. Though Japan was a WWI ally, so too was China!
The subsequent May 4 movement that represented the smoldering embers of Chinese nationalism will be commemorated this spring.
The Beijing rulers may well use the theme of "being the victim" yet again to call for the overdue "reunification" of Taiwan.
Of course the seminal year of 1949; that being when the Chinese communists under Mao took over the mainland and the routed Chinese Nationalists moved into exile on Taiwan. The 70th anniversary of "liberation," as the People's Republic will celebrate it, puts additional political pressure on Taiwan.
Modern Taiwan is a thriving East Asian democracy. Despite a fractious political scene, most people overwhelmingly prefer to keep the status quo in links to mainland China ― trade and tourism, but not formal political ties to Beijing. Equally, the argument has always been phrased as "one Chinese nation" that has two separate de facto governments, much like South and North Korea or former West and East Germany.
Any move by Taiwan's political figures to alter this fragile but working arrangement, through advocating formal independence or separatism, would likely trigger a military attack by Beijing.
Xi's demand that Taiwan accept a dubious "one country, two systems" has ironically united most of Taiwan's disparate political spectrum against Beijing's dictate.
The Taipei Times stated editorially: "The rosy picture that Xi paints might appear harmless and come across as sincere, but Taiwanese are not as easily fooled as he might think."
Xi's renewed Taiwan overtures may actually be more about politics in Beijing than Taipei. Given China's economic slowdown and social ills, the CCP knows that shifting the political focus from the mainland to "errant" Taiwan offers Beijing a nationalistic rallying point.
It could equally ignite a dormant flashpoint for China-U.S. strategic interests.
John J. Metzler (jjmcolumn@earthlink.net) is a United Nations correspondent covering diplomatic and defense issues.
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